Pain syndromes are amongst the syndromes that have the highest burden on life. Confronted with the inexplicable nature of many pains, medicine has turned to psychology for answers. In response to this call, some researchers have proposed that pain can be learned through classical conditioning. The frequent co-occurrence of a neutral stimulus (CS: Conditioned Stimulus) with a noxious stimulus (UCS: Unconditioned Stimulus) that is experienced as pain (UCR: Unconditioned Response), may after some of these pairings evoke pain as a conditioned Response (CR). The idea that pain can be conditioned is not uncontested, but there is a huge lack of systematic research on this topic. The current project aims (1) to systematically review available evidence on conditioned pain and other somatosensory experiences, (2)to investigate the role of spatiotemporal contingency on conditioned pain in healthy volunteers, and (3) to investigate whether individuals with medically unexplained symptoms display conditioned pain.