This study tries to cast a new light on the different state-forming domains of Burgundian society, such as ducal fiscality, legal representation, urbanization and economy and this from a rather military point of view. We ask ourselves whether a condition of permanent warfare and military innovation, embodied in the Hunderd Years War, gave shape to the modern nation-state (Charles Tilly). Incorporating some international historiographical debates, like the levee of mass armies and the decline of fuedalism, we try to depict the army during the reign of Philip the Good.