This research examines the vulnerability of agricultural regions in the Low Countries to damaging animals from 1780 to 1840. The study questions which factors influenced animal occurrences in diverse regions and differentiates between geographical, climatic, socio-economic and control aspects. It explores the unique environmental diversity of the Low Countries and their mutual influence on pest occurrences and control methods. This research considers non-human animals as active historical actors, enriching our understanding of how agricultural society evolved in relation to less desirable animals. The methodology entails the analysis of historical agricultural surveys, geographical dictionaries and regulatory documents, supplemented by contemporary agronomic and natural history publications. The research is structured into three main objectives: (1) constructing an atlas of the geographical distribution of crop damage by animals, (2) discerning the factors that influenced the damage of animals (geography, agricultural production, climate and socio-economic structures) and (3) identifying animal control techniques and organisational structures of pest management. This project will result in a better and more nuanced understanding of human-animal interactions in pre-industrial rural societies. The insights gained can inform present-day ecological conservation efforts and pest management strategies, offering a comprehensive view of the interconnectedness among different species.