Optical trapping stands out as a robust technique with diverse applications across various research domains. This research proposal introduces two new optical manipulation methods tailored for micro- and nanoscale applications: the optical blaster and optical trapping electrophoresis of micro- and nanoplastics under UV-light ionization. The first concept involves creating an optical blaster by utilizing chiral liquid crystal (CLC) microparticles with photonic bandgaps matching the trapping laser wavelength. Skillful manipulation of optical forces, facilitated by circular polarization, enables holding and shooting CLC 'microbullets' out of the optical trap. This concept holds promise for precision drug delivery in nanomedicine and potential applications in light-powered micro- and nanovehicles. The second concept focuses on investigating UV-induced ionization of micro- and nanoplastics through optical trapping electrophoresis. Addressing the issue of micro- and nanoplastics pollution, this technique, coupled with UV-light exposure, offers the capability to monitor the charging dynamics of various nanoplastics in real-time with single elementary charge resolution. This approach promises deeper insights into the fundamental processes governing the behavior of micro- and nanoplastics at the nanoscale.