The research of smart contact lenses, smart intra-ocular lenses and tunable lenses for augmented and virtual reality goggles and multifocal glasses is very multidisciplinary. It comprises research in the field of ultra-low-power electronics, wireless communication inside and near to the body, miniature sensors, batteries and photovoltaic cells and other energy harvesting components, as well as electro-optic components such as liquid crystal based displays and tunable lenses. In addition, research is conducted regarding aspects of bio-compatibility, such as selective barrier layers, and regarding integration technology (3D stacking, additive manufacturing, thermoforming, nano imprinting).