The early twentieth century saw the emergence of an avant-garde culture, which marked a turning point in the literary history of Spain. Until recently, discussions of Spanish vanguard poetry, have tended to focus on male poets identified with the “Generation of 1927”, which has been seen as a predominantly Spanish phenomenon and studied in isolation from European modernism. This study seeks to move away from this vision by examining a group of Spanish women poets who engaged with avant-garde themes and participated in transnational literary circles. The goal of the project is to situate these women poets in a transnational context and to compare their work with that of their European and Latin American counterparts. To this end, this project explores Spanish women’s involvement in the Brussels-based avant-garde circles La Lanterne Sourde and Amitiés hispano-belgo-américaines and examines the translations of their poetry in Belgian journals. It also considers their participation in Latin American literary clubs, their contributions to avant-garde magazines and their reception across the Atlantic. By encouraging a revision of the generational model prevailing in Spanish scholarship, this project studies Spanish women not as a “generation of poets” but as mediators across cultural borders and as key figures of the international avant-garde.