ENVISION attacks the problems both of on-line Dose Monitoring and of performing accurate Quality Assurance tests by developing novel imaging modalities that are related to the dose deposition and allow assessing the treated volume as well as deriving reliable indicators of the delivered dose. It concentrates on the detection of nuclear reaction products produced by the interaction of the beam with atomic nuclei of the tissue (positron emitting nuclides for ibPET, photons or light charged particles for ibSPAT).