The treatment of cancer patients has changed since the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, finally leading to longer survival of patients. These treatments are nowadays standard of care in different solid cancers.  However only 20-60% of treated patients will respond, while the whole group is exposed to (potential life threatening) auto-immune side effects. 

In the current project extensive biomarker analyses will be performed on blood samples, urine samples and saliva. These analyses will indicate which biomarkers enable an improved risk classification and ultimately result in a refined patient stratification for the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Multiplex immunehistochemistry, spatial proteomics, flow cytometry and other techniques are applied. Response prediction is not main subject of study in most industry driven trials and as such this task remains important for the academia to perform.