Recent American research shows that the post-war knowledge society has led to greater geographical segregation of human capital. The gap between regions with many or with few highly educated people has grown remarkably in the United States. The differences between innovative, ideas-producing cities and more traditional, goods-producing regions have increased. Building on this research finding, we want to study two opposing trends in this research project: on the one hand, the increase and regional dispersion of highly educated persons or university graduates, and on the other hand, the downside of the post-war educational expansion, namely the regional diffusion of 'school dropouts'. After all, not having a diploma becomes a serious handicap as soon as having a diploma can be considered normal in a knowledge society. Our empirical research will depart from the decennial Censuses in Belgium, which collected detailed data on education from the entire population between 1961 and 2021.