In some countries, nature policy uses new instruments such as habitat banking and ökokonto, where habitats are created that can subsequently be introduced to compensate for nature loss for projects that are detrimental to nature. The aim of the research is to investigate how these instruments can be given legal shape for an effective nature policy. The intention is also to investigate how such instruments can be used for the preservation of open space (green belts) and nature restoration (particularly in the city).  A functional comparative law method is used in this research. The research results in recommendations for policy and legislators at various levels of government.