TBS is a novel type of the non-invasive TMS technique with pre-clinical evidence for inducing stonger neuroplasticity compared to standard protocols. The mechanism of action of TBS will be investigated using stateof-the-art functional and anatomic neuroimaging and neurofysiological recordings. By investigating the mechanism of action and effects of TBS on cortical excitability in normal volunteers, pilot trials can be performed in patients with refractory neuropscyhiatric disorders such as epilepsy, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder where neuromodulatory effects are required to intervene with pathological brain networks.