Treatment of cancer in children is one of the most remarkable successes in oncology with survival rates in paediatric leukaemia reaching 85% or more. These successes are mainly based on intensive chemotherapy schedules that come with the price of significant short and longMterm side effects, including organ damage, secondary cancers and social and psychological problems. Although symptomatic treatment of these side effects is important, we feel that exploiting the use of novel so=called precision drugs is the way to go to improve survival and most importantly reduce serious late effects. These precision drugs target specific molecular defects present in the cancer cells with little or no effect on normal tissues. Two important developments in (children's cancer research are offering us the chance to take this challenge. First, cancer genomes have recently been analyzed in great depth with novel techniques that read the entire genetic code of these cancer cells. The Ghent and Leuven team have contributed to such efforts and discovered novel genetic defects that can be considered as vulnerable Achilles heels of these cancer cells that can be targeted by novel potent molecular drugs to efficiently eradicate cancer cells without affecting normal cells and tissues. Next, pharmaceutical companies are rapidly expanding their portfolio of molecularly targeted drugs oriented towards killing cancer cells with specific genetic lesions. Taken together, we are confident that the proposed intensive collaboration between the two leading children's cancer genetic teams in Flanders will accelerate the translation of our recent laboratory discoveries towards the design of novel less toxic experimental molecular therapies. Most notably, our results will have a major impact on reducing the late effects of the currently used cell and organ damaging drugs.