DNA adducts provide information on the exposure and biological effects of chemical hazards. Hence, the birth of DNA adductomics has not gone unnoticed in the era of exposomics, in which the aim is to study the whole of environmental exposures and biological consequences thereof. This project will apply DNA adductomics in large-scale exposomics for the very first time, to further unravel the determinants of food allergy and esophageal cancer. Firstly, this project aims to lay the foundation for DNA adductomics data preprocessing. The second and third aim are to study differences in DNA adduct formation in food allergy and esophageal cancer cases versus controls. Observed shifts in the DNA adductome will be linked to exposure to environmental pollutants, as assessed in children with food allergy in the ENVIRONAGE cohort in Flanders (n > 400), and to (multiple) mycotoxin exposure(s) in adults with esophageal cancer in an IARC/WHO sub-Saharan esophageal cancer cohort (n > 300) using state-of-the-art multivariate and machine-learning based modelling. Results will be explored mechanistically using in vitro digestions and/or in vivo rodent or zebrafish experiments, to increase knowledge on the molecular underpinnings of environmental exposures in relation to food allergy and esophageal cancer and infer causality to proposed determinants. Furthermore, this project will pave the way towards scientific independence and the very first dedicated DNA adductomics research line in Europe.