KLIMOS aims at generating capacity to enable the necessary transition to a sustainable society. KLIMOS will contribute to this aim through a process of mutual learning with the Belgian Development Cooperation and its partners in the South. Research activities will focus on (1) management of natural resources for multiple ecosystem services, (2) development of sustainable energy systems and urban infrastructures, (3) innovations in governance and institutional reform, and (4) sustainability monitoring & evaluation. Research outcomes will feed into the KLIMOS Sustainability Toolkit for project design and evaluation, and will provide strategic policy support and tailor-made training and advice to the Belgian Development Cooperation.