Ecological restoration of agricultural ecosystems, and the improvement of both biodiversity on agricultural lands and a transition to a sustainable agriculture is undoubtedly one of the greatest  challenges ahead of us. Restoring agricultural ecosystems, such as peatlands under agricultural use,  is important, not only for biodiversity, but also for climate mitigation and food security. Despite the land mass taken up by agricultural grounds and the importance of agricultural lands to achieve global and regional biodiversity and climate targets, the topic of how these lands can be efficiently restored and how legislation can assist and facilitate this process is still under-researched. With this research, we want to explore the legal possibilities for restoring agricultural ecosystems. The focus will be on the recently adopted EU Nature Restoration Law and its implementation in agricultural ecosystems and the relationship with the CAP.