Alveolar macrophages residing in the bronchoalveolar lumen of the lungs exhibit after an allergic asthma phase a modified functionality, featuring an increased inflammatory responsiveness to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection, yet exhibit an unaltered antiviral defense. This uncoupling of inflammatory and antiviral responsiveness may well be at the origin of RSV-induced asthma exacerbation and promises a new therapeutic opportunity to be validated through this research project.