This research project will explore how multitrophic interactions—between crops, soil biota, pests, and natural enemies—can enhance the sustainable production of novel crops, crop mixtures, and diverse cropping systems. As global agriculture faces increasing environmental pressures, integrating ecological principles into crop management is essential for ensuring resilience and productivity. Using the Genotype x Environment x Management (GEM) framework, this study will assess how new crops, crop mixtures, and cropping systems respond to biotic and abiotic factors, optimizing their performance. Key areas of focus include plant defense mechanisms, integrated pest management, and crop breeding to support biodiversity and productivity.