The Action and Transition Plan for the reform of palliative care in Flanders has been meticulously drawn up in recent years. This plan will be implemented in the coming years. In the margins of the development of this plan, the Flemish Government has commissioned several academic partners to develop a scientifically substantiated monitoring and evaluation plan for this reform. To this end, a theory of change was developed for each ‘path’ that was drawn up within the reform together with the societal stakeholders. Based on these theories of change, a toolbox of scientific methods was developed with which changes in practice can be monitored. Now that the palliative care reform is entering the implementation phase, the monitoring and evaluation plan is also being implemented.