Genetic evidence was presented linking high carnosinase enzyme activity with some diseases. Serum carnosinase is the enzyme responsible for hydrolylis of carnosine, a bioactive dipeptide with antioxidant and antiglycative properties. In contrast to other animals, humans have a high carnosinase activity, called the human carnosinase paradox. This project aims to explore the relationship of the carnosinase paradox with exercise.