Climate change, including rising temperatures, affects the productivity of natural and crop ecosystems. To further improve thermotolerance in crops (to ensure crop yields) and to protect ecosystems, it is crucial to understand the molecular and biochemical basis of how plants perceive and respond to temperature changes. However, the molecular basis of temperature perception and signalling in plants remains largely unknown, apart from a number of factors in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana that play a role in a wide range of environmental responses and developmental processes. In this project, we focus on protein phosphorylation-mediated signalling networks and structural changes of proteins associated with mild warm temperature. The project will generate knowledge at multiple levels, including heat-mediated signalling in plants and biochemical and physiological tipping points in ecosystems.